in 1,4-dioxane T=100°C; sealed tube; Rate constant;

in 1,4-dioxane T=100°C; sealed tube; Rate constant;

(1S,2S,4S,5R)-1-(anthracen-9-ylmethyl)-2-((R)-hydroxy(quinolin-4-yl)methyl)-5-vinyl-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane chloride; sodium hydroxide in dichloromethane; water; toluene T=0°C; Inert atmosphere; optical yield given as percent ee;