1: With water; lithium hydroxide hydrate in tetrahydrofuran; methanol T=20°C; 1 h; 2: With hydrogenchloride in water pH=2; Product distribution / selectivity;

in 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one T=200°C; 3 h; Microwave irradiation;

in (CD3)2CO

1: bromine / chloroform; methanol / 2 h 2: N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 16 h / 150 °C 3: potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1 h / 20 °C 4: water; lithium hydroxide hydrate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1 h / 20 °C 2: water; lithium hydroxide hydrate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 16 h / 150 °C 2: potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1 h / 20 °C 3: water; lithium hydroxide hydrate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / 20 °C View Scheme