potassium acetate; (1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) dichloride in 1,4-dioxane T=80°C; Inert atmosphere;

[1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino) propane] dichloronickel(II); N,N-dicyclohexylmethylamine in toluene 12 h; RefluxInert atmosphere;

1: potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 20 °C 2: potassium acetate / (1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) dichloride / 1,4-dioxane / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1.1: sulfuric acid; sodium nitrite / water / 1 h / 0 - 5 °C 1.2: 0.33 h / 60 °C 2.1: [1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino) propane] dichloronickel(II); N,N-dicyclohexylmethylamine / toluene / 12 h / Reflux; Inert atmosphere View Scheme