1: 93 percent / potassium hydroxide / ethanol / 4 h 2: 87 percent / conc. HCl / dioxane; methanol / 1.5 h / Ambient temperature 3: 92 percent / 30percent H2O2, 5percent NaOH / dioxane; methanol / 3 h / Ambient temperature 4: 1.) boron trifluoride etherate, 2.) sodium borohydride / 1.) benzene, 20 min, 2.) THF, room temperature, 2 h 5: 66 percent / hydrogen / 10percent Pd/C / methanol 6: 77 percent / boron trifluoride etherate / acetic acid / 0.25 h / 5 °C 7: 66 percent / diisopropylethylamine / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / Ambient temperature 8: 91 percent / 1N NaOH / methanol / 1 h / Ambient temperature 9: 95 percent / manganese dioxide / CH2Cl2 / 0.5 h 10: 94 percent / sodium hydroxide / ethanol / 4 h 11: 96 percent / 30percent H2O2, 5percent NaOH / methanol / 4 h / Ambient temperature 12: 19 percent / conc. HCl / methanol / 0.25 h / 70 °C View Scheme

<b>Multi-step reaction with 2 steps<br /> </b>1: 91 percent / ammonium chloride / methanol / 4 h / Heating<br />2: 94 percent / 1.) n-butyl lithium / hexane; diethyl ether / 1.) -78 deg C, 10 min, 2.) -78 deg C to room temperature, 3 h<br /> <br /> &nbsp;

<b>Multi-step reaction with 3 steps<br /> </b>1: 86 percent / potassium carbonate / dimethylformamide / 3 h / Heating<br />2: 91 percent / ammonium chloride / methanol / 4 h / Heating<br />3: 94 percent / 1.) n-butyl lithium / hexane; diethyl ether / 1.) -78 deg C, 10 min, 2.) -78 deg C to room temperature, 3 h<br /> <br /> &nbsp;

<b>Multi-step reaction with 3 steps<br /> </b>1: 86 percent / potassium carbonate / dimethylformamide / 3 h / Heating<br />2: 91 percent / ammonium chloride / methanol / 4 h / Heating<br />3: 94 percent / 1.) n-butyl lithium / hexane; diethyl ether / 1.) -78 deg C, 10 min, 2.) -78 deg C to room temperature, 3 h<br /> <br /> &nbsp;