hydrogenchloride in methanol; water T=0 - 20°C; 17 h;

hydrogenchloride in methanol T=0 - 20°C;

Jacobsen catalyst in methanol; toluene T=-70°C; Strecker reaction; 40 h;

1: 14.48 g / phosphoryl chloride / toluene / 1 h / Heating 2: 59.7 percent / bromophenol blue; conc. hydrochloric acid / methanol / 0 - 20 °C View Scheme

1: 2 h / |Cooling with ice; |Reflux; |Inert atmosphere 2: phosphorus pentachloride / dichloromethane / 1.5 h / 35 - 40 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3: hydrogenchloride / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: With potassium hexamethylsilazane in tetrahydrofuran T=-78°C; 3 h; 2: With nickel dichloride in methanol T=20°C; Further stages.;

1.1: KHMDS / tetrahydrofuran / 3 h / -78 °C 1.2: 557.6 mg / aq. NiCl2 / methanol / 20 °C 2.1: triethylamine; formic acid / (R,R)-Noyori's catalyst / dimethylformamide / 4.5 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: KHMDS / tetrahydrofuran / 3 h / -78 °C 1.2: 557.6 mg / aq. NiCl2 / methanol / 20 °C 2.1: triethylamine; formic acid / (R,R)-Noyori's catalyst / dimethylformamide / 4.5 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: With potassium hexamethylsilazane in tetrahydrofuran T=-78°C; 3 h; 2: With nickel dichloride in methanol T=20°C; Further stages.;

1.1: potassium hexamethylsilazane / tetrahydrofuran / 0.08 h / -78 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: 3.5 h / -78 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: [Ru2(p-PriC6H4Me)2(μ-Cl)Cl]2; formic acid; triethylamine; (1R,2R)-N-(p-toluenesulfonyl)-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 4 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: methanol / 0.5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.2: 0.67 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme