1: With potassium hydroxide in ethanol Reflux; 2: With water in ethanol T=10 - 20°C; Product distribution / selectivity;

1.1: sodium hydrogencarbonate; iodine / dichloromethane / 25 - 30 °C 2.1: dichloromethane / 1.5 h / 25 °C 3.1: copper(l) iodide; lithium chloride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0.5 h / 25 °C 3.2: 25 °C 4.1: potassium hydroxide; ethanol / 15 - 25 °C 5.1: potassium tert-butylate / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 80 - 85 °C 5.2: 0.5 h / 25 °C 6.1: trifluoroacetic acid / ethanol / 25 °C / Reflux 6.2: 10 - 15 °C / pH 8 View Scheme

1.1: copper(l) iodide; lithium chloride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0.5 h / 25 °C 1.2: 25 °C 2.1: potassium hydroxide; ethanol / 15 - 25 °C 3.1: potassium tert-butylate / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 80 - 85 °C 3.2: 0.5 h / 25 °C 4.1: trifluoroacetic acid / ethanol / 25 °C / Reflux 4.2: 10 - 15 °C / pH 8 View Scheme

1.1: potassium hydroxide; ethanol / 15 - 25 °C 2.1: potassium tert-butylate / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 80 - 85 °C 2.2: 0.5 h / 25 °C 3.1: trifluoroacetic acid / ethanol / 25 °C / Reflux 3.2: 10 - 15 °C / pH 8 View Scheme

1.1: dichloromethane / 1.5 h / 25 °C 2.1: copper(l) iodide; lithium chloride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0.5 h / 25 °C 2.2: 25 °C 3.1: potassium hydroxide; ethanol / 15 - 25 °C 4.1: potassium tert-butylate / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 80 - 85 °C 4.2: 0.5 h / 25 °C 5.1: trifluoroacetic acid / ethanol / 25 °C / Reflux 5.2: 10 - 15 °C / pH 8 View Scheme

1.1: potassium tert-butylate / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 80 - 85 °C 1.2: 0.5 h / 25 °C 2.1: trifluoroacetic acid / ethanol / 25 °C / Reflux 2.2: 10 - 15 °C / pH 8 View Scheme

hydrogen; palladium 10 on activated carbon in ethanol T=25 - 35°C; Product distribution / selectivity;

1: With hydrogen; acetic acid; platinum(IV) oxide in methanol T=50 - 60°C; P=3677.86 Torr; 2: With hydrogenchloride in ethanol; isopropyl alcohol 1 h; Reflux; Product distribution / selectivity;