1: 13 percent / 48percent potassium hydroxide, chlorine in aq. KOH 2: SOCl2, DMF / 3 h / Heating 3: 98 percent / 0.25 h / ice-cooled 4: 87 percent / 32percent aq. NH3 / 5 h 5: 55 percent / DMF, SOCl2 / 24 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 13 percent / 48percent potassium hydroxide, chlorine in aq. KOH 2: 49 percent / toluene / 2 h / Heating 3: 74 percent / 20percent hydrochloric acid / 3 h / Heating View Scheme