in dimethyl sulfoxide byproducts: diphenylamine, MeC6H4NPh2; heating of K(Cu(NPh2)2) with 5 equiv. of p-iodotoluene in DMSO at 110°C for 3 h;

in dimethyl sulfoxide byproducts: o-MeC6H4NPh2, p-MeC6H4NPh2; heating of K(Cu(NPh2)2) with mixt. of o- and p-iodotoluene (20 equiv. ofeach) in DMSO at 80°C for 3 h with added CuI;