1.1: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran / 20.5 h / -50 - 20 °C / Industry scale 1.2: 15 °C / Industry scale 2.1: thionyl chloride / acetonitrile / 5 - 18 °C / Industry scale 3.1: potassium hydroxide / toluene; water / 0.33 h / 12.5 °C / Industry scale; Inert atmosphere 3.2: 1.65 h / 12.5 - 14.6 °C / Industry scale; Inert atmosphere 4.1: (9R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]cinchonan-1-ium-9-ol bromide / toluene; water / 16 h / 10 °C / Industry scale; Inert atmosphere 5.1: toluene / 6.67 h / 90 °C / Industry scale 6.1: hydrogen / palladium 10 on activated carbon / toluene; methanol / 20 - 27 °C / 3102.97 Torr / Industry scale 6.2: 20 °C / pH 6.3 / Industry scale View Scheme