1.1: piperidine; copper(l) iodide; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) / benzene / 20 °C 2.1: pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate / methanol / 0 °C 3.1: copper/silver activated zinc; water / methanol / 16 h / 40 - 45 °C 4.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / methanol; water / 24 h / 0 °C 4.2: Saturated solution View Scheme

1.1: copper/silver activated zinc; water / methanol / 16 h / 40 - 45 °C 2.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / methanol; water / 24 h / 0 °C 2.2: Saturated solution View Scheme

1.1: pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate / methanol / 0 °C 2.1: copper/silver activated zinc; water / methanol / 16 h / 40 - 45 °C 3.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / methanol; water / 24 h / 0 °C 3.2: Saturated solution View Scheme

1.1: pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate / ethyl acetate / 0 - 20 °C 2.1: n-butyllithium / tetrahydrofuran / -78 - 0 °C 3.1: 1H-imidazole; iodine; triphenylphosphine / 60 °C 4.1: lithium diisopropyl amide / tetrahydrofuran; n-heptane; ethylbenzene / 2 h / -78 °C 5.1: piperidine; copper(l) iodide; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) / benzene / 20 °C 6.1: pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate / methanol / 0 °C 7.1: copper/silver activated zinc; water / methanol / 16 h / 40 - 45 °C 8.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / methanol; water / 24 h / 0 °C 8.2: Saturated solution View Scheme

1.1: copper(l) iodide; potassium carbonate; sodium sulfite / water 2.1: Jone's reagent / acetone 3.1: chloro-trimethyl-silane / 20 °C 4.1: sodium hydrogencarbonate; 3-chloro-benzenecarboperoxoic acid / dichloromethane / 0 °C 5.1: (S,S)-(salen)Co(III)(AcO); water / diethyl ether / 72 h / 0 - 20 °C 6.1: 1H-imidazole; triethylamine / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0 - 20 °C 7.1: hydrogen / hexane 8.1: oxalyl dichloride; dimethyl sulfoxide / dichloromethane 9.1: benzene / 70 °C 10.1: chromium dichloride / tetrahydrofuran / 0 °C 11.1: piperidine; copper(l) iodide; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) / benzene / 20 °C 12.1: pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate / methanol / 0 °C 13.1: copper/silver activated zinc; water / methanol / 16 h / 40 - 45 °C 14.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / methanol; water / 24 h / 0 °C 14.2: Saturated solution View Scheme

1.1: n-butyllithium / tetrahydrofuran / -78 - 0 °C 2.1: 1H-imidazole; iodine; triphenylphosphine / 60 °C 3.1: lithium diisopropyl amide / tetrahydrofuran; n-heptane; ethylbenzene / 2 h / -78 °C 4.1: piperidine; copper(l) iodide; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) / benzene / 20 °C 5.1: pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate / methanol / 0 °C 6.1: copper/silver activated zinc; water / methanol / 16 h / 40 - 45 °C 7.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / methanol; water / 24 h / 0 °C 7.2: Saturated solution View Scheme

1.1: chloro-trimethyl-silane / 20 °C 2.1: sodium hydrogencarbonate; 3-chloro-benzenecarboperoxoic acid / dichloromethane / 0 °C 3.1: (S,S)-(salen)Co(III)(AcO); water / diethyl ether / 72 h / 0 - 20 °C 4.1: 1H-imidazole; triethylamine / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0 - 20 °C 5.1: hydrogen / hexane 6.1: oxalyl dichloride; dimethyl sulfoxide / dichloromethane 7.1: benzene / 70 °C 8.1: chromium dichloride / tetrahydrofuran / 0 °C 9.1: piperidine; copper(l) iodide; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) / benzene / 20 °C 10.1: pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate / methanol / 0 °C 11.1: copper/silver activated zinc; water / methanol / 16 h / 40 - 45 °C 12.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / methanol; water / 24 h / 0 °C 12.2: Saturated solution View Scheme

1.1: Jone's reagent / acetone 2.1: chloro-trimethyl-silane / 20 °C 3.1: sodium hydrogencarbonate; 3-chloro-benzenecarboperoxoic acid / dichloromethane / 0 °C 4.1: (S,S)-(salen)Co(III)(AcO); water / diethyl ether / 72 h / 0 - 20 °C 5.1: 1H-imidazole; triethylamine / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0 - 20 °C 6.1: hydrogen / hexane 7.1: oxalyl dichloride; dimethyl sulfoxide / dichloromethane 8.1: benzene / 70 °C 9.1: chromium dichloride / tetrahydrofuran / 0 °C 10.1: piperidine; copper(l) iodide; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) / benzene / 20 °C 11.1: pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate / methanol / 0 °C 12.1: copper/silver activated zinc; water / methanol / 16 h / 40 - 45 °C 13.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / methanol; water / 24 h / 0 °C 13.2: Saturated solution View Scheme

1.1: (S,S)-(salen)Co(III)(AcO); water / diethyl ether / 72 h / 0 - 20 °C 2.1: 1H-imidazole; triethylamine / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0 - 20 °C 3.1: hydrogen / hexane 4.1: oxalyl dichloride; dimethyl sulfoxide / dichloromethane 5.1: benzene / 70 °C 6.1: chromium dichloride / tetrahydrofuran / 0 °C 7.1: piperidine; copper(l) iodide; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) / benzene / 20 °C 8.1: pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate / methanol / 0 °C 9.1: copper/silver activated zinc; water / methanol / 16 h / 40 - 45 °C 10.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / methanol; water / 24 h / 0 °C 10.2: Saturated solution View Scheme

1.1: sodium hydrogencarbonate; 3-chloro-benzenecarboperoxoic acid / dichloromethane / 0 °C 2.1: (S,S)-(salen)Co(III)(AcO); water / diethyl ether / 72 h / 0 - 20 °C 3.1: 1H-imidazole; triethylamine / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0 - 20 °C 4.1: hydrogen / hexane 5.1: oxalyl dichloride; dimethyl sulfoxide / dichloromethane 6.1: benzene / 70 °C 7.1: chromium dichloride / tetrahydrofuran / 0 °C 8.1: piperidine; copper(l) iodide; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) / benzene / 20 °C 9.1: pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate / methanol / 0 °C 10.1: copper/silver activated zinc; water / methanol / 16 h / 40 - 45 °C 11.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / methanol; water / 24 h / 0 °C 11.2: Saturated solution View Scheme