1.1: palladium diacetate; 1,4-di(diphenylphosphino)-butane; potassium carbonate / acetonitrile / 1 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Large scale 1.2: 16 h / 80 °C / |Large scale 2.1: dichloro bis(acetonitrile) palladium(II) / acetonitrile / 20 - 80 °C / |Inert atmosphere; |Large scale View Scheme

1.1: palladium diacetate; 1,4-di(diphenylphosphino)-butane; potassium carbonate / acetonitrile / 1 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Large scale 1.2: 16 h / 80 °C / |Large scale 2.1: dichloro bis(acetonitrile) palladium(II) / acetonitrile / 20 - 80 °C / |Inert atmosphere; |Large scale 3.1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 0 - 20 °C 4.1: 5 palladium on charcoal; hydrogen / tetrahydrofuran / 50 °C / 2250.23 Torr / |Inert atmosphere; |Sealed tube View Scheme