1: With water; lithium hydroxide hydrate in tetrahydrofuran T=20°C; 4 h; 2: With hydrogenchloride in water pH=5;

1.1: triethylamine / (S)-(-)-2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl; palladium dichloride / 12 h / 100 °C / 15001.5 Torr 2.1: water; lithium hydroxide hydrate / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / 20 °C 2.2: pH 5 View Scheme

1.1: triethylamine; diphenylphosphoranyl azide / toluene / 0 - 20 °C 2.1: toluene / 2 h / Reflux 3.1: tributyl-amine / diphenylether; toluene / 190 - 210 °C 4.1: triethylamine / (S)-(-)-2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl; palladium dichloride / 12 h / 100 °C / 15001.5 Torr 5.1: water; lithium hydroxide hydrate / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / 20 °C 5.2: pH 5 View Scheme