iron; acetic acid T=45°C; 3.5 h; Inert atmosphere;

in ethanol; ethyl acetate

sodium sulfide; sodium hydroxide; sulfur

sodium sulfide; sodium hydroxide; sulfur

sodium hydroxide; sulfur

1.1: iron; acetic acid / 3.5 h / 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2.1: caesium carbonate; palladium diacetate; dicyclohexyl(2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)phosphine / toluene / 26 h / 100 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3.1: potassium carbonate; palladium diacetate; 2-oxo-3,3-dimethyl-butanoic acid / toluene / 31.5 h / 100 °C / |Inert atmosphere 4.1: boron tribromide / dichloromethane / 15.5 h / -78 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 5.1: caesium carbonate; copper(l) iodide / acetonitrile / 29 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 5.2: 29 h / 111 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: iron; acetic acid / 3.5 h / 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: caesium carbonate; palladium diacetate; dicyclohexyl(2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)phosphine / toluene / 26 h / 100 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3: potassium carbonate; palladium diacetate; 2-oxo-3,3-dimethyl-butanoic acid / toluene / 31.5 h / 100 °C / |Inert atmosphere 4: boron tribromide / dichloromethane / 15.5 h / -78 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 5: caesium carbonate; copper(l) chloride / acetonitrile / 35 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: iron; acetic acid / 3.5 h / 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: caesium carbonate; palladium diacetate; dicyclohexyl(2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)phosphine / toluene / 26 h / 100 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3: potassium carbonate; palladium diacetate; 2-oxo-3,3-dimethyl-butanoic acid / toluene / 31.5 h / 100 °C / |Inert atmosphere 4: boron tribromide / dichloromethane / 15.5 h / -78 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 5: titanium (IV) isopropoxide / toluene / 15 h / -78 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

N-bromosuccinmide in tetrachloromethane Photolysis;

1: aqueous potassium permanganate 2: nitric acid; sulfuric acid 3: methanol. KOH-solution View Scheme