1: With hydrogenchloride; sodium nitrite in water T=0°C; 0.0833333 h; 2: With potassium iodide in water T=0 - 90°C;

1: H2 / PtO2 / methanol 2: (i) NaNO2, aq. HCl, (ii) KI, aq. H2SO4 View Scheme

nitric acid T=110 - 130°C;

1: potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1 h / 20 °C 2: triethylamine; copper(l) chloride; bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 5 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3: palladium 10 on activated carbon; hydrogen / methanol / 1 h / 20 °C / 760.05 Torr View Scheme

copper diacetate; sodium acetate in water Reflux;

1: in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=20°C; 0.166667 h; Inert atmosphere; 2: With iron (III) acetylacetonate; caesium carbonate; N-methyl-2-(methylamino)ethylamine in N,N-dimethyl-formamide Microwave irradiationInert atmosphere;

potassium hydroxide; copper in water T=120°C; 8 h;

thionyl chloride 2 h; Heating;

1.1: copper diacetate; sodium acetate / water / |Reflux 2.1: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0.25 h / |Cooling with ice 2.2: 2 h / 80 °C 3.1: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / 0 °C 4.1: 1-hydroxy-3H-benz[d][1,2]iodoxole-1,3-dione / ethyl acetate / 3 h / 100 °C 5.1: scandium tris(trifluoromethanesulfonate); sodium sulfate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 20 h / 100 °C / |Schlenk technique; |Inert atmosphere; |Green chemistry View Scheme

potassium carbonate; Copper(I)chloride in pyridine