sodium methylate in methanol 1 h;

1: 60 percent / p-toluenesulfonic acid / dimethylformamide / 48 h / Ambient temperature 2: 61 percent / silver triflate, 2,4,6-collidine / toluene; nitromethane / 0.25 h / -25 °C 3: 1.) 90 percent aqu. acetic acid, 2.) 0.2 M sodium methoxide / 1.) reflux, 30 min, 2.) methanol, 3 h, room temperature View Scheme

mutant malA D320G from Sulfolobus solfataricus in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=20°C; pH=7; 96 h; aq. phosphate bufferEnzymatic reaction;

1: 61 percent / silver triflate, 2,4,6-collidine / toluene; nitromethane / 0.25 h / -25 °C 2: 1.) 90 percent aqu. acetic acid, 2.) 0.2 M sodium methoxide / 1.) reflux, 30 min, 2.) methanol, 3 h, room temperature View Scheme

1: 61 percent / silver triflate, 2,4,6-collidine / toluene; nitromethane / 0.25 h / -25 °C 2: 1.) 90 percent aqu. acetic acid, 2.) 0.2 M sodium methoxide / 1.) reflux, 30 min, 2.) methanol, 3 h, room temperature View Scheme

1: p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate / benzene / 1 h / Ambient temperature 2: 1.41 g / 80percent acetic acid / 0.25 h / Ambient temperature 3: 76 percent / mercuric bromide, mercuric cyanide, molecular sieves 4A / acetonitrile / Ambient temperature 4: 82 percent / NaOMe / methanol / 1 h View Scheme

1: 87 percent / pyridine 2: 88 percent / trifluoroacetic acid, water / 1 h / Ambient temperature 3: p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate / benzene / 1 h / Ambient temperature 4: 1.41 g / 80percent acetic acid / 0.25 h / Ambient temperature 5: 76 percent / mercuric bromide, mercuric cyanide, molecular sieves 4A / acetonitrile / Ambient temperature 6: 82 percent / NaOMe / methanol / 1 h View Scheme

1: 88 percent / trifluoroacetic acid, water / 1 h / Ambient temperature 2: p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate / benzene / 1 h / Ambient temperature 3: 1.41 g / 80percent acetic acid / 0.25 h / Ambient temperature 4: 76 percent / mercuric bromide, mercuric cyanide, molecular sieves 4A / acetonitrile / Ambient temperature 5: 82 percent / NaOMe / methanol / 1 h View Scheme

1: 76 percent / mercuric bromide, mercuric cyanide, molecular sieves 4A / acetonitrile / Ambient temperature 2: 82 percent / NaOMe / methanol / 1 h View Scheme

1: ammonia / methanol / 4 h / 4 °C 2: mutant malA D320G from Sulfolobus solfataricus / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 96 h / 20 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction View Scheme