1: 99 percent / LiBH4 / diethyl ether / 15 h / Ambient temperature 2: 87 percent / oxalyl chloride, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 0.25 h / -60 °C 3: 1) t-BuOK / 1) THF, toluene, 10 min, 2) toluene, 0 deg C, 20 min 4: 1) CH2Cl2, molecular sieves 3A, UV, 0 - 5 deg C 5: 74 percent / 1 M BuOK / tetrahydrofuran; 2-methyl-propan-2-ol / Heating 6: CF3COOH, H2O View Scheme

1: DBBA; hydrogen bromide; acetic acid / dichloromethane / 25 °C / |Large scale 2: sodium acetate / water; acetonitrile / 3 h / 40 °C / |Large scale 3: sodium hydroxide / water / 1.5 h / 40 °C / |Large scale View Scheme

1: palladium dichloride; triphenylphosphine; copper(l) iodide; diethylamine / ethyl acetate / 4 h / 50 °C / |Large scale 2: hydrogen; 5 palladium on charcoal / dichloromethane / 3.5 h / 3345.86 Torr / |Inert atmosphere; |Autoclave; |Large scale 3: 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy, free radical; potassium bromide; sodium hypochlorite; sodium hydrogencarbonate / dichloromethane; water / -10 - 20 °C / pH 9.5 / |Large scale 4: DBBA; hydrogen bromide; acetic acid / dichloromethane / 25 °C / |Large scale 5: sodium acetate / water; acetonitrile / 3 h / 40 °C / |Large scale 6: sodium hydroxide / water / 1.5 h / 40 °C / |Large scale View Scheme

1: hydrogen; 5 palladium on charcoal / dichloromethane / 3.5 h / 3345.86 Torr / |Inert atmosphere; |Autoclave; |Large scale 2: 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy, free radical; potassium bromide; sodium hypochlorite; sodium hydrogencarbonate / dichloromethane; water / -10 - 20 °C / pH 9.5 / |Large scale 3: DBBA; hydrogen bromide; acetic acid / dichloromethane / 25 °C / |Large scale 4: sodium acetate / water; acetonitrile / 3 h / 40 °C / |Large scale 5: sodium hydroxide / water / 1.5 h / 40 °C / |Large scale View Scheme

1: 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy, free radical; potassium bromide; sodium hypochlorite; sodium hydrogencarbonate / dichloromethane; water / -10 - 20 °C / pH 9.5 / |Large scale 2: DBBA; hydrogen bromide; acetic acid / dichloromethane / 25 °C / |Large scale 3: sodium acetate / water; acetonitrile / 3 h / 40 °C / |Large scale 4: sodium hydroxide / water / 1.5 h / 40 °C / |Large scale View Scheme

1: 5,5-dibromomeldrum's acid; hydrogenchloride / diethyl ether / 24 h / 20 °C 2: sodium acetate / water; methanol / 3 h / 45 °C 3: sodium hydroxide / methanol / 24 h / 40 - 50 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: sodium acetate / water; methanol / 3 h / 45 °C 2: sodium hydroxide / methanol / 24 h / 40 - 50 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

water; trifluoroacetic acid

1: 91 percent / ethyl acetate; H2O / 24 h / 50 °C 2: 57 percent View Scheme

4-methyl-morpholine; 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-[1,3,5]triazine; sodium hydroxide in ethanol; water T=40°C; 3 h;