in hydrogenchloride dissolving oxide in aq. HCl, pptn. with excess aq. NH4F, filtration, drying, dehydration on heating ppt. with excess powdered NH4F to 360°C in a dry stream of He or Ne (O2-free) for 5h;;

in neat (no solvent) byproducts: H2O; at elevated temp.;;

in neat (no solvent) byproducts: carbon; violent react.;;

oleic acid in further solvent(s) Eu(CF3COO)3 (0.5 mmol) and KCF3COO (0.5 mmol) added to oleic acid; placed under N2; heated to 100°C over 2 h (vac. applied periodically);represurized with N2; heated (280°C, 40 min); cooled to room temp.; EtOH added; ppt. collected by filtration; washed with EtOH; dissolved in toluene; dropped onto carbon coated grid; dried;

ammonia; EDTA; HCl in ethanol; water High Pressure; to a soln. of metal salt with EDTA at pH 2-3 (HCl, NH3) added a water/ethanol soln. of NH4F, treated at 180°C for 20 h; cooled to room temp., ppt. filtered, washed (water), dried (80°C,air); XRD;

in not given other Radiation; microwave treatment (2455 MHz);

in neat (no solvent) heated under vac. at 650°C for 5 h; detd. by X-ray powder diffraction;

in neat (no solvent) heated under vac. at 650°C for 5 h; detd. by X-ray powder diffraction;

acrylic acid/sulfonic acid copolimer (ACUSOL 588G) in water aq. soln. of ACUSOL 588G mixed with aq. soln. of NaBF4 with stirring, then aq. soln. of Eu(NO3)3*5H2O added, stirred for 3 h at room temp.; ppt. centrifuged, washed with H2O and EtOH, dried at 70°C under vac. overnight;

in water Electrochem. Process; electrospray of aq. soln.s of Eu(NO3)3 and aq. HF, electrified at room temp. in air by means of Pt wire, the electrospray run for min.s in the Taylor cone-jet mode on Al foil connected to ground electrode then moved to the Ni sample grid;