palladium diacetate; potassium carbonate; triphenylphosphine in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=110°C; Heck reaction; 15 h;

palladium diacetate; tetraethylammonium chloride; potassium carbonate; triphenylphosphine in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=110°C;

1: 85 percent / triethylamine / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 0 - 20 °C 2: 95 percent / di(tricyclohexylphosphine)(benzylidene)ruthenium dichloride / CH2Cl2 / 15 h / 20 °C 3: 87 percent / Pd(OAc)2; triphenylphosphine; K2CO3 / dimethylformamide / 15 h / 110 °C View Scheme

1.1: 93 percent / H2 / Pd/C / ethanol / 15 h / 20 °C 2.1: lithium; NH3 / tetrahydrofuran / 4.5 h / -78 °C 2.2: 90 percent / NH4Cl / tetrahydrofuran / 16 h / -78 - 20 °C View Scheme