in paraffin oil T=340 - 350°C; Graebe-Ullmann Synthesis; 0.166667 h; Inert atmosphere; Overall yield = 0.27 g;

<b>With</b>&nbsp; <a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '1098214', constants.ctx, '0')">hydrogenchloride</a>;&nbsp;<a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '906771', constants.ctx, '0')">sodium nitrite</a>&nbsp;<b>in</b>&nbsp; <a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '3587155', constants.ctx, '0')">water</a> <br />T=0 - 25&deg;C;&nbsp;Graebe-Ullmann Synthesis;&nbsp;1&nbsp;h;&nbsp;<br /> &nbsp;

<b>Multi-step reaction with 4 steps<br /> </b>1: paraffin oil / 0.17 h / 360 - 370 &deg;C / |Inert atmosphere<br />2: nitric acid / 1 h / 85 - 90 &deg;C<br />3: sodium dithionite / ethanol; water / 3.5 h / |Reflux<br />4: sodium nitrite; hydrogenchloride / water / 1 h / 0 - 25 &deg;C<br /> <br /> &nbsp;

<b>Multi-step reaction with 5 steps<br /> </b>1: sodium nitrite; hydrogenchloride / water / 1 h / 0 - 25 &deg;C<br />2: paraffin oil / 0.17 h / 360 - 370 &deg;C / |Inert atmosphere<br />3: nitric acid / 1 h / 85 - 90 &deg;C<br />4: sodium dithionite / ethanol; water / 3.5 h / |Reflux<br />5: sodium nitrite; hydrogenchloride / water / 1 h / 0 - 25 &deg;C<br /> <br /> &nbsp;

<b>Multi-step reaction with 9 steps<br /> </b>1: nitric acid; sulfuric acid, fuming / 2 h / |Reflux<br />2: phosphorus pentachloride; trichlorophosphate / 6 h / |Reflux<br />3: N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine / acetonitrile / 5 h / |Reflux<br />4: sodium dithionite / ethanol; water / 3.5 h / |Reflux<br />5: sodium nitrite; hydrogenchloride / water / 1 h / 0 - 25 &deg;C<br />6: paraffin oil / 0.17 h / 360 - 370 &deg;C / |Inert atmosphere<br />7: nitric acid / 1 h / 85 - 90 &deg;C<br />8: sodium dithionite / ethanol; water / 3.5 h / |Reflux<br />9: sodium nitrite; hydrogenchloride / water / 1 h / 0 - 25 &deg;C<br /> <br /> &nbsp;

<b>Multi-step reaction with 8 steps<br /> </b>1: phosphorus pentachloride; trichlorophosphate / 6 h / |Reflux<br />2: N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine / acetonitrile / 5 h / |Reflux<br />3: sodium dithionite / ethanol; water / 3.5 h / |Reflux<br />4: sodium nitrite; hydrogenchloride / water / 1 h / 0 - 25 &deg;C<br />5: paraffin oil / 0.17 h / 360 - 370 &deg;C / |Inert atmosphere<br />6: nitric acid / 1 h / 85 - 90 &deg;C<br />7: sodium dithionite / ethanol; water / 3.5 h / |Reflux<br />8: sodium nitrite; hydrogenchloride / water / 1 h / 0 - 25 &deg;C<br /> <br /> &nbsp;

<b>Multi-step reaction with 7 steps<br /> </b>1: N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine / acetonitrile / 5 h / |Reflux<br />2: sodium dithionite / ethanol; water / 3.5 h / |Reflux<br />3: sodium nitrite; hydrogenchloride / water / 1 h / 0 - 25 &deg;C<br />4: paraffin oil / 0.17 h / 360 - 370 &deg;C / |Inert atmosphere<br />5: nitric acid / 1 h / 85 - 90 &deg;C<br />6: sodium dithionite / ethanol; water / 3.5 h / |Reflux<br />7: sodium nitrite; hydrogenchloride / water / 1 h / 0 - 25 &deg;C<br /> <br /> &nbsp;