1: 91 percent / benzene / 6.5 h / Heating 2: 97 percent / sodium borohydride, cerium(III) chloride heptahydrate / ethanol / 0.67 h 3: 95 percent / pyridine / Ambient temperature 4: 36 percent / KH2PO4, K2HPO4, water / acetone / 12 h / Ambient temperature; lipase PS "Amano" 5: 93 percent / HgCl2, CaCO3, water / acetonitrile / 7 h / Heating 6: benzene 7: benzene / 3 h / Heating 8: H2, AcOH / 10percent Pd/C / 18 h / 760 Torr / Ambient temperature 9: Et3N / tetrahydrofuran; benzene / 1 h / Ambient temperature 10: 91 percent / NaIO4, KMnO4, KH2PO4, K2HPO4 / H2O; acetone / 3 h / Ambient temperature 11: 80 percent / 4 N HCl in dioxane / 1 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

potassium tert-butylate; triphenylphosphine in toluene T=-20°C;