1: 65 percent / PCl3, HCl(g) / dimethylformamide; toluene / 1.) 60 deg C, 30 min; 2.) 90 deg C, 1.5 h 2: NaOH / methanol; H2O / 75 °C 3: SOCl2 / toluene / 1.) 70 deg C; 2.) reflux View Scheme

1: 65 percent / PCl3, HCl(g) / dimethylformamide; toluene / 1.) 60 deg C, 30 min; 2.) 90 deg C, 1.5 h 2: NaOH / methanol; H2O / 75 °C 3: SOCl2 / toluene / 1.) 70 deg C; 2.) reflux 4: NH3(g) / toluene / below 30 deg C View Scheme

hydrogenchloride; phosphorus trichoride in N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene

1: 65 percent / PCl3, HCl(g) / dimethylformamide; toluene / 1.) 60 deg C, 30 min; 2.) 90 deg C, 1.5 h 2: NaOH / methanol; H2O / 75 °C View Scheme