N-bromosuccinmide in 1,2-dichloro-ethane T=25°C; 3.5 h;

1.1: 2 h / 50 °C 1.2: NaH / dimethylformamide / 2.5 h / 80 °C 1.3: 48 percent / HCl / H2O / 3 h / 0 - 5 °C / pH 7.2 2.1: 86 percent / NBS / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 3.5 h / 25 °C View Scheme

1.1: 58.5 g / NH3 / CH2Cl2 / 1.58 h / 5 - 15 °C 2.1: 2 h / 50 °C 2.2: NaH / dimethylformamide / 2.5 h / 80 °C 2.3: 48 percent / HCl / H2O / 3 h / 0 - 5 °C / pH 7.2 3.1: 86 percent / NBS / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 3.5 h / 25 °C View Scheme

1.1: KOH / methanol; H2O / 6 h / 25 °C 2.1: (COCl)2 / benzene / 19 h / 25 °C 3.1: 58.5 g / NH3 / CH2Cl2 / 1.58 h / 5 - 15 °C 4.1: 2 h / 50 °C 4.2: NaH / dimethylformamide / 2.5 h / 80 °C 4.3: 48 percent / HCl / H2O / 3 h / 0 - 5 °C / pH 7.2 5.1: 86 percent / NBS / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 3.5 h / 25 °C View Scheme

1.1: oxalyl dichloride; N,N-dimethyl-formamide / dichloromethane / 18 h / 20 °C 2.1: ammonia / dichloromethane / 18 h / -30 °C 3.1: 2 h / 50 °C 3.2: 2.5 h / 80 °C 4.1: N-bromosuccinmide / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 3.5 h / 20 °C View Scheme

trichlorophosphate T=100°C; 28 h;