1.1: ClCH2CO2H / H2O / Heating 1.2: HCl / Heating 2.1: 86 percent / acetone / 20 °C / Irradiation 3.1: 100 percent / aq. NaOH / 100 °C View Scheme

1: With chloroacetic acid in water Heating; 2: With hydrogenchloride Heating;