2Ag(1+)*CH2O3(2-); Pd(TFA)2 in 1,4-dioxane; dimethyl sulfoxide T=150°C; 14 h; Inert atmosphere;

1: 60 percent / sulfuric acid 2: 91 percent / 30percent hydrogen peroxide / acetic acid View Scheme

trifluorormethanesulfonic acid; ytterbium(III) triflate Friedel Crafts reaction; 0.0666667 h; Neat (no solvent)Microwave irradiation;

1: 48 percent / potassium carbonate / dimethylformamide / Ambient temperature 2: 56 percent / 1.42 h / 140 - 160 °C / pyrolysis View Scheme

thionyl chloride in benzene 4 h; Heating; Yield given;

1: (i) LiAlH4, THF, (ii) MnO2, Et2O 2: MCPBA / CHCl3 View Scheme

Stage #1: <b>With</b>&nbsp; <a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '11342937', constants.ctx, '0')">potassium hydroxide</a>;&nbsp;<a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '3587155', constants.ctx, '0')">water</a>;&nbsp;<a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '4122947', constants.ctx, '0')">copper</a> <br />6&nbsp;h;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heating / reflux;&nbsp;<br />Stage #2: <b>With</b>&nbsp; <a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '3587155', constants.ctx, '0')">water</a> <br />&nbsp;Acidic aqueous solution;&nbsp;<br /> <br /> &nbsp;

<b>With</b>&nbsp; <a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '4122947', constants.ctx, '0')">copper</a>;&nbsp;<a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '4267587', constants.ctx, '0')">potassium carbonate</a>;&nbsp;<a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '8127929', constants.ctx, '0')">potassium iodide</a>&nbsp;<b>in</b>&nbsp; <a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '605365', constants.ctx, '0')">N,N-dimethyl-formamide</a> <br />18&nbsp;h;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heating;&nbsp;<br /> &nbsp;

<b>With</b>&nbsp; <a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '11405916', constants.ctx, '0')">copper(l) iodide</a>;&nbsp;<a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '14437303', constants.ctx, '0')">copper bronze</a>;&nbsp;<a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '4267587', constants.ctx, '0')">potassium carbonate</a>&nbsp;<b>in</b>&nbsp; <a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '507540', constants.ctx, '0')">nitrobenzene</a> <br /> <br /> &nbsp;

<b>With</b>&nbsp; <a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '4267587', constants.ctx, '0')">potassium carbonate</a>&nbsp;<b>in</b>&nbsp; <a href="#" onclick="return RXDsubstances(event, this, '1730975', constants.ctx, '0')">pentan-1-ol</a> <br />16&nbsp;h;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heating;&nbsp;<br /> &nbsp;