tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0); cesium fluoride in acetonitrile Ambient temperature;

1: 2,2'-dibromobiphenyl With n-butyllithium; N,N,N',N,-tetramethylethylenediamine in tetrahydrofuran T=-78°C; 1 h; 2: With anhydrous chromium(III) chloride in tetrahydrofuran T=20°C; 1 h; 3: dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in tetrahydrofuran T=50°C; 6 h;

palladium diacetate; triphenylphosphine; silver carbonate in 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one T=160°C; 24 h;

tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); cesium fluoride in acetonitrile Ambient temperature;

mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride T=150°C; Pauson-Khand reaction; P=7500.75 Torr; 48 h;