1: 1.) 1.63N butyllithium / 1.) hexane, THF, -50 deg C, 30 min; 0 deg C, 30 min, 2.) hexane, THF, HMPA, -50 deg C, 30 min; 0 deg C, 2 h 2: 99 percent / p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate / methanol / 2 h / Ambient temperature 3: 92 percent / 1,3-propanediamine, Li, potassium tert-butoxide / 2 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme