1: With hydrogenchloride; sodium iodide in diethyl ether; toluene T=20 - 40°C; 2: With sodium hydroxide in diethyl ether; water; toluene T=5°C; pH=10;

sodium carbonate; lithium chloride; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) in ethanol; water; toluene 18 h; Heating / reflux;