hydrogenchloride; Zn–Hg amalgam in methanol 3 h; Heating;

1: 94 percent / conc. H2SO4 / 18 h / Heating 2: 33 percent / zinc amalgam; conc. HCl / methanol / 3 h / Heating View Scheme

1: aluminum chloride / nitrobenzene / 23 h / 0 - 20 °C 2: 11.4 g / 3 M NaOH 3: 94 percent / conc. H2SO4 / 18 h / Heating 4: 33 percent / zinc amalgam; conc. HCl / methanol / 3 h / Heating View Scheme

1: aluminum chloride / nitrobenzene / 23 h / 0 - 20 °C 2: 11.4 g / 3 M NaOH 3: 94 percent / conc. H2SO4 / 18 h / Heating 4: 33 percent / zinc amalgam; conc. HCl / methanol / 3 h / Heating View Scheme

1: With trichlorophosphate Vilsmeier-Haack formylation; 2 h; Heating; 2: With water T=20°C; 18 h;