hydrogenchloride in 1,4-dioxane; acetonitrile T=75°C; 1 h;

boron trifluoride diethyl etherate in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether 3 h; Ambient temperature;

boron trifluoride diethyl etherate; p-benozquinone in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether 96 h; Ambient temperature;

boron trifluoride diethyl etherate in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether 96 h; Ambient temperature;

1.1: indium / dimethylformamide / 0.58 h 1.2: 94 percent / dimethylformamide / 5 h 2.1: 84 percent / aq. KOH / ethanol / 5 h / 20 °C 3.1: 60 percent / trifluoroacetic acid / CHCl3 / 48 h / 20 °C 4.1: 84 percent / thionyl chloride; pyridine / 0.5 h / 20 °C 5.1: montmorillonite K-10 / CH2Cl2 / 144 h / Heating View Scheme

lithium hydroxide in chloroform T=75°C; 5 h; Yields of byproduct given;