1: With ozone in methanol T=-20°C; 2: With sodium tetrahydroborate in methanol T=0 - 20°C; 0.166667 h; 3: With water in methanol

lithium aluminium tetrahydride in tetrahydrofuran T=65°C; 12 h;

phosphate buffer; penicillin G acylase immobilized on epoxy-resin in ethanol; water T=25°C; pH=7.5; 1 h;

sodium tetrahydroborate in tetrahydrofuran

1.1: sodium hydroxide / water / 8 h / 40 °C / pH 11 2.1: dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide; benzotriazol-1-ol / dichloromethane / |Cooling with ice 2.2: 20 °C 3.1: Carica papaya lipase / hexane / 10 h / 45 °C / |Resolution of racemate; |Enzymatic reaction 4.1: hydrogenchloride / water / 10 h / |Reflux 5.1: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran / 12 h / 65 °C View Scheme

1: Carica papaya lipase / hexane / 10 h / 45 °C / |Resolution of racemate; |Enzymatic reaction 2: hydrogenchloride / water / 10 h / |Reflux 3: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran / 12 h / 65 °C View Scheme

1.1: ammonium acetate / ethanol / 12 h / |Reflux 2.1: sodium hydroxide / water / 8 h / 40 °C / pH 11 3.1: dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide; benzotriazol-1-ol / dichloromethane / |Cooling with ice 3.2: 20 °C 4.1: Carica papaya lipase / hexane / 10 h / 45 °C / |Resolution of racemate; |Enzymatic reaction 5.1: hydrogenchloride / water / 10 h / |Reflux 6.1: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran / 12 h / 65 °C View Scheme

1: hydrogenchloride / water / 10 h / |Reflux 2: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran / 12 h / 65 °C View Scheme

1.1: dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide; benzotriazol-1-ol / dichloromethane / |Cooling with ice 1.2: 20 °C 2.1: Carica papaya lipase / hexane / 10 h / 45 °C / |Resolution of racemate; |Enzymatic reaction 3.1: hydrogenchloride / water / 10 h / |Reflux 4.1: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran / 12 h / 65 °C View Scheme

1: 90 percent / Saccharomyces cerevisiae; glucose; phenacyl chloride / aq. phosphate buffer; diisopropyl ether / 48 h / 20 °C / pH 4.5 2: 65 percent / ammonium acetate; sodium cyanoborohydride / ethanol / 36 h / 20 °C 3: 80 percent / aq. NaOH / 4 h / 20 °C 4: 45 percent / penicillin G acylase immobilized on epoxy-resin; phosphate buffer / ethanol; H2O / 1 h / 25 °C / pH 7.5 View Scheme