sodium hydroxide; palladium on activated charcoal in diethylene glycol dimethyl ether T=160°C;

sodium methylate in methanol T=25°C; Rate constant;

sodium methylate in methanol T=25°C; Rate constant;

1: m-toluic acid sodium salt With chloroformic acid ethyl ester in tetrahydrofuran T=20°C; 0.25 h; 2: Ph–ZnI With tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) in tetrahydrofuran T=70°C; Negishi-type cross-coupling; 14 h;