1: With lithium hydroxide hydrate in ethanol; water 16 h; 2: in ethanol; water pH=4; Acidic conditions;

triethylamine; triphenylphosphine; palladium diacetate in DMF (N,N-dimethyl-formamide) T=100°C; 4 h;

ammonia; water T=60°C; P=1034.32 Torr; 5 h;

1.1: sodium ethanolate / tetrahydrofuran / 10 - 20 °C / Large scale reaction 1.2: 2 h / 20 °C 2.1: palladium 10 on activated carbon; ammonium formate; acetic acid / ethanol; water / 3.25 h / 35 °C / Large scale reaction 3.1: ammonia / 36 h / 50 °C View Scheme

1.1: pivalic acid sodium salt / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 2.75 h / 20 - 50 °C / Large scale reaction 2.1: sulfuric acid; water / 50 - 100 °C / Large scale reaction 3.1: sodium ethanolate / tetrahydrofuran / 10 - 20 °C / Large scale reaction 3.2: 2 h / 20 °C 4.1: palladium 10 on activated carbon; ammonium formate; acetic acid / ethanol; water / 3.25 h / 35 °C / Large scale reaction 5.1: ammonia / 36 h / 50 °C View Scheme

1: palladium 10 on activated carbon; ammonium formate; acetic acid / ethanol; water / 3.25 h / 35 °C / Large scale reaction 2: ammonia / 36 h / 50 °C View Scheme

1.1: sulfuric acid; water / 50 - 100 °C / Large scale reaction 2.1: sodium ethanolate / tetrahydrofuran / 10 - 20 °C / Large scale reaction 2.2: 2 h / 20 °C 3.1: palladium 10 on activated carbon; ammonium formate; acetic acid / ethanol; water / 3.25 h / 35 °C / Large scale reaction 4.1: ammonia / 36 h / 50 °C View Scheme

1.1: sodium ethanolate / tetrahydrofuran / 10 - 20 °C / Large scale reaction 1.2: 2 h / 20 °C 2.1: palladium 10 on activated carbon; ammonium formate; acetic acid / ethanol; water / 3.25 h / 35 °C / Large scale reaction 3.1: ammonia; water / 5 h / 60 °C / 1034.32 Torr View Scheme

1.1: pivalic acid sodium salt / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 2.75 h / 20 - 50 °C / Large scale reaction 2.1: sulfuric acid; water / 50 - 100 °C / Large scale reaction 3.1: sodium ethanolate / tetrahydrofuran / 10 - 20 °C / Large scale reaction 3.2: 2 h / 20 °C 4.1: palladium 10 on activated carbon; ammonium formate; acetic acid / ethanol; water / 3.25 h / 35 °C / Large scale reaction 5.1: ammonia; water / 5 h / 60 °C / 1034.32 Torr View Scheme

1: palladium 10 on activated carbon; ammonium formate; acetic acid / ethanol; water / 3.25 h / 35 °C / Large scale reaction 2: ammonia; water / 5 h / 60 °C / 1034.32 Torr View Scheme