9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenyl-phosphino)xanthene; sodium t-butanolate; tris-(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) in toluene T=20 - 50°C; 18 h;

sodium hydroxide in ethanol; water T=70°C; 16 h;

1: With copper(l) iodide; potassium carbonate; N-methyl-2-(methylamino)ethylamine in 1,4-dioxane T=90°C; 18 h; Inert atmosphere; 2: With sodium hydroxide in ethanol; water T=70°C; 16 h;

1.1: potassium tert-butylate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / -78 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: 16 h / -78 - 20 °C 2.1: copper(l) iodide; potassium carbonate; N-methyl-2-(methylamino)ethylamine / 1,4-dioxane / 18 h / 90 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.2: 16 h / 70 °C View Scheme

1: copper(l) iodide; potassium carbonate; N-methyl-2-(methylamino)ethylamine / 1,4-dioxane / 18 h / 90 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: sodium hydroxide / ethanol; water / 16 h / 70 °C View Scheme