1: 67 percent / aq. LiOH, H2O2 / tetrahydrofuran / 0 °C 2: 81 percent / H2, glacial acetic acid / 10percent Pd/C View Scheme

1: 79 percent / TFA / Ambient temperature 2: 60 percent / Et3N, diphenylphosphoryl azide / toluene 3: 67 percent / aq. LiOH, H2O2 / tetrahydrofuran / 0 °C 4: 81 percent / H2, glacial acetic acid / 10percent Pd/C View Scheme

hydrogen; palladium dihydroxide

1.1: n-butyllithium / hexane; tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / -20 °C 1.2: 3.75 h / -20 - 20 °C 2.1: lithium hexamethyldisilazane / hexane; tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / -78 °C 2.2: 12 h / -78 °C 3.1: hydrogen; palladium 10 on activated carbon / ethyl acetate / 16 h / 760.05 Torr 4.1: triethylamine; diphenyl phosphoryl azide / 3 h / |Reflux 5.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate; dihydrogen peroxide / tetrahydrofuran; water / 0.5 h / 0 °C 6.1: hydrogen; palladium 10 on activated carbon / methanol / 16 h / 20 °C / 760.05 Torr View Scheme

1: HCl / H2O; tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C 2: LiOH; LiBr; tetrabutylammonium bromide / acetonitrile / 20 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: LDA / tetrahydrofuran; hexane; various solvent(s) / 1 h / -78 °C 1.2: 32 percent / tetrahydrofuran; hexane; various solvent(s) / 3 h / -78 °C 2.1: HCl / H2O; tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C 3.1: LiOH; LiBr; tetrabutylammonium bromide / acetonitrile / 20 h / 20 °C View Scheme

potassium phosphate; water T=37°C; pH=7.2; 264 h; Enzymatic reaction;