1: With sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium dihydride in toluene 3 h; Heating / reflux; 2: With sodium hydroxide in water; toluene T=0°C;

1: 93 percent / H2 / Pd-C / ethanol / 5 h / 65 °C / 2068.6 Torr 2: DCC, HOBt / H2O; various solvent(s) / 5 h / Ambient temperature 3: MsOH / ethanol / 7.5 h / 35 - 40 °C 4: DCC, HOBt / various solvent(s) / 2 h / Ambient temperature 5: MsOH / ethanol / 35 - 40 °C View Scheme

hydrogen; palladium on activated charcoal in ethanol T=65°C; P=2068.6 Torr; 5 h;