tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride in water; toluene T=100°C; Hiyama Coupling; 20 h;

1: bromobenzene With n-butyllithium in tetrahydrofuran; hexane T=-78°C; Negishi coupling reaction; 0.166667 h; Inert atmosphere; 2: With zinc(II) chloride in tetrahydrofuran; hexane T=-78 - 20°C; Negishi coupling reaction; Inert atmosphere; 3: 2-isopropylphenyl iodide With (1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) dichloride in tetrahydrofuran; hexane T=60°C; Negishi coupling reaction; 2 h; Inert atmosphere;

1: With bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; copper(l) iodide; diisopropylamine; triphenylphosphine in toluene T=25°C; Sonogashira coupling; 16.0833 h; Inert atmosphere; 2: With water; potassium hydroxide in methanol; toluene T=25°C; 3 h; Inert atmosphere;

1: copper(l) iodide; bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; triethylamine / 0 - 20 °C 2: methanol; potassium carbonate / 20 °C View Scheme

1: 2-isopropylphenyl iodide With iodine; magnesium in diethyl ether 2: phthalic anhydride in diethyl ether; benzene 12 h; Heating; Further stages.;

triethylamine; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) in toluene T=80°C; 24 h;

1,1'-bis-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene; tris-(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) in tetrahydrofuran 1.5 h; Heating / reflux;

copper diacetate; triphenyl-phosphine oxide; silver(l) oxide T=125°C; 72 h;