1: With sodium hydroxide; water in tetrahydrofuran; methanol T=50°C; 3 h; 2: With hydrogenchloride in water pH=5 - 6;

1: With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine in isobutyramide T=130°C; 72 h; 2: With sodium hydroxide in water 3: With hydrogenchloride in water pH=6 - 7;

1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene; palladium diacetate; caesium carbonate in 1,4-dioxane T=100°C;