1: 85 percent / Ra-Ni / various solvent(s) / 2 h / Heating 2: 70 percent / K2CO3 / CH2Cl2 / Ambient temperature 3: 75 percent / 50percent KOH / ethanol / 24 h / Heating View Scheme

1: aqueous hydrochloric acid 2: platinum; methanol / Hydrogenation View Scheme

Ra-Ni in various solvent(s) 2 h; Heating;