titanium (IV) isopropoxide in toluene T=-78 - 20°C; 15 h; Inert atmosphere;

1: iron; acetic acid / 4 h / 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: caesium carbonate; palladium diacetate; 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-2',4',6'-tri-i-propyl-1,1’-biphenyl / toluene / 16 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Reflux 3: potassium carbonate; palladium diacetate; 2-oxo-3,3-dimethyl-butanoic acid / 23 h / 85 °C / |Inert atmosphere 4: palladium 10 on activated carbon; hydrogen / methanol; dichloromethane / 72 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 5: titanium (IV) isopropoxide / toluene / 15 h / -78 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: potassium carbonate / acetone / 2 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Reflux 2: iron; acetic acid / 4 h / 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3: caesium carbonate; palladium diacetate; 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-2',4',6'-tri-i-propyl-1,1’-biphenyl / toluene / 16 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Reflux 4: potassium carbonate; palladium diacetate; 2-oxo-3,3-dimethyl-butanoic acid / 23 h / 85 °C / |Inert atmosphere 5: palladium 10 on activated carbon; hydrogen / methanol; dichloromethane / 72 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 6: titanium (IV) isopropoxide / toluene / 15 h / -78 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: iron; acetic acid / 3.5 h / 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: caesium carbonate; palladium diacetate; dicyclohexyl(2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)phosphine / toluene / 26 h / 100 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3: potassium carbonate; palladium diacetate; 2-oxo-3,3-dimethyl-butanoic acid / toluene / 31.5 h / 100 °C / |Inert atmosphere 4: boron tribromide / dichloromethane / 15.5 h / -78 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 5: titanium (IV) isopropoxide / toluene / 15 h / -78 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: caesium carbonate; palladium diacetate; dicyclohexyl(2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)phosphine / toluene / 26 h / 100 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: potassium carbonate; palladium diacetate; 2-oxo-3,3-dimethyl-butanoic acid / toluene / 31.5 h / 100 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3: boron tribromide / dichloromethane / 15.5 h / -78 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 4: titanium (IV) isopropoxide / toluene / 15 h / -78 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: potassium carbonate; palladium diacetate; 2-oxo-3,3-dimethyl-butanoic acid / toluene / 31.5 h / 100 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: boron tribromide / dichloromethane / 15.5 h / -78 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3: titanium (IV) isopropoxide / toluene / 15 h / -78 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: boron tribromide / dichloromethane / 15.5 h / -78 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: titanium (IV) isopropoxide / toluene / 15 h / -78 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: caesium carbonate; copper(l) chloride / acetonitrile / 28 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: toluene / 24 h / 111 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: caesium carbonate; copper(l) chloride / acetonitrile / 28 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: toluene / 24 h / 111 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

sodium hydride in N,N-dimethyl-formamide 3 h;