potassium carbonate in ethanol; water; acetone T=28 - 32°C; 0.333333 h;

1.1: triethylamine / potassium iodide / toluene / 24 h / boiling 2.1: sodium hydroxide / 20 °C 2.2: pH 5 3.1: 1-propanephosphonic acid cyclic anhydride / ethyl acetate / 2 h / 20 - 50 °C 4.1: hydrogen; acetic acid / 5 palladium on charcoal / ethanol / 24 h / 50 °C / 3750.38 Torr / Inert atmosphere 4.2: 20 °C 5.1: potassium carbonate / ethanol; water; acetone / 0.33 h / 28 - 32 °C View Scheme

1.1: sodium hydroxide / 20 °C 1.2: pH 5 2.1: 1-propanephosphonic acid cyclic anhydride / ethyl acetate / 2 h / 20 - 50 °C 3.1: hydrogen; acetic acid / 5 palladium on charcoal / ethanol / 24 h / 50 °C / 3750.38 Torr / Inert atmosphere 3.2: 20 °C 4.1: potassium carbonate / ethanol; water; acetone / 0.33 h / 28 - 32 °C View Scheme

1.1: triethylamine / potassium iodide / toluene / 24 h / boiling 2.1: sodium hydroxide / 20 °C 2.2: pH 2 3.1: 1-propanephosphonic acid cyclic anhydride / ethyl acetate / 2 h / 20 - 50 °C 4.1: hydrogen; acetic acid / 5 palladium on charcoal / ethanol / 6 h / 50 °C / 3750.38 Torr / Inert atmosphere 4.2: 20 °C 5.1: potassium carbonate / ethanol; water; acetone / 0.33 h / 28 - 32 °C View Scheme

1.1: sodium hydroxide / 20 °C 1.2: pH 2 2.1: 1-propanephosphonic acid cyclic anhydride / ethyl acetate / 2 h / 20 - 50 °C 3.1: hydrogen; acetic acid / 5 palladium on charcoal / ethanol / 6 h / 50 °C / 3750.38 Torr / Inert atmosphere 3.2: 20 °C 4.1: potassium carbonate / ethanol; water; acetone / 0.33 h / 28 - 32 °C View Scheme

1.1: 1-propanephosphonic acid cyclic anhydride / ethyl acetate / 2 h / 20 - 50 °C 2.1: hydrogen; acetic acid / 5 palladium on charcoal / ethanol / 6 h / 50 °C / 3750.38 Torr / Inert atmosphere 2.2: 20 °C 3.1: potassium carbonate / ethanol; water; acetone / 0.33 h / 28 - 32 °C View Scheme

1.1: hydrogen; acetic acid / 5 palladium on charcoal / ethanol / 6 h / 50 °C / 3750.38 Torr / Inert atmosphere 1.2: 20 °C 2.1: potassium carbonate / ethanol; water; acetone / 0.33 h / 28 - 32 °C View Scheme

1.1: hydrogen; acetic acid / 5 palladium on charcoal / ethanol / 6 h / 50 °C / 3750.38 Torr / Inert atmosphere 1.2: 20 °C 2.1: potassium carbonate / ethanol; water; acetone / 0.33 h / 28 - 32 °C View Scheme

1.1: 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole / tetrahydrofuran / 0.75 h / Inert atmosphere; Reflux 1.2: 6 h / Reflux 1.3: 1 h / Reflux 2.1: hydrogenchloride / isopropyl alcohol / 1 h / 0 - 35 °C 3.1: hydrogenchloride / 24 h / 30 °C 4.1: (NH4)2CO3 / ethanol / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.1: triethylamine / acetone / 1.5 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1.1: 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole / tetrahydrofuran / 0.75 h / Inert atmosphere; Reflux 1.2: 6 h / Reflux 1.3: 1 h / Reflux 2.1: hydrogenchloride / isopropyl alcohol / 1 h / 0 - 35 °C 3.1: hydrogenchloride / 24 h / 30 °C 4.1: (NH4)2CO3 / ethanol / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.1: triethylamine / acetone / 1.5 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme