1: 68 percent / NaCl; H2O / dimethylsulfoxide / 6 h / 120 - 130 °C 2: 75 percent / PTSA / toluene 3: KOH / ethanol / 8 h / Heating 4: K2CO3 / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / 0 °C 5: 54 percent / CuCl2*2H2O / PdCl2 / dimethylformamide; H2O / 8 h / 95 °C 6: 70 percent / LDA / tetrahydrofuran / -78 °C 7: 64 percent / NaH / 1,2-dimethoxy-ethane / 0 - 20 °C 8: 83 percent / DIBAL-H / tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / -60 °C 9: 90 percent / NaBH4 / tetrahydrofuran; H2O / 0.5 h / 0 °C 10: 92 percent / MsCl; Et3N / tetrahydrofuran / 24 h / 20 °C 11: K2CO3; MeSO2NH2; K3Fe(CN)6 / OsO4; (DHQD)2-Py / 2-methyl-propan-2-ol; H2O / 7 h / 0 °C 12: I2; CaCO3 / methanol; H2O / 24 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: aq. HCl / 5 h / Heating 2: PTSA / toluene / 8 h / Heating 3: KOH / ethanol / 24 h / Heating 4: K2CO3 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 20 °C 5: Grubbs' 1st generation catalyst / benzene / 26 h / Heating View Scheme