1.1: tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); sodium carbonate / ethylene glycol dimethyl ether; water / 12 h / Inert atmosphere; Reflux 2.1: trifluoroacetic acid / dichloromethane / 12 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide; mineral oil / 0.5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere; Cooling with ice 3.2: 12 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere; Cooling with ice 4.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / tetrahydrofuran; water / 12 h / 60 °C 4.2: 20 °C 5.1: diphenyl phosphoryl azide; triethylamine / toluene / 0.17 h / 100 °C / Inert atmosphere; Microwave irradiation 6.1: pyridine / dichloromethane / 0.5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere; Cooling with ice 7.1: triethylsilane; 1,3-bis-(diphenylphosphino)propane; palladium diacetate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1 h / 60 °C / Inert atmosphere 8.1: methanol; trifluorormethanesulfonic acid; trimethyl orthoformate / nitromethane / 1 h / 100 °C / Inert atmosphere; Cooling with ice View Scheme

1.1: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide; mineral oil / 0.5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere; Cooling with ice 1.2: 12 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere; Cooling with ice 2.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / tetrahydrofuran; water / 12 h / 60 °C 2.2: 20 °C 3.1: diphenyl phosphoryl azide; triethylamine / toluene / 0.17 h / 100 °C / Inert atmosphere; Microwave irradiation 4.1: pyridine / dichloromethane / 0.5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere; Cooling with ice 5.1: triethylsilane; 1,3-bis-(diphenylphosphino)propane; palladium diacetate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1 h / 60 °C / Inert atmosphere 6.1: methanol; trifluorormethanesulfonic acid; trimethyl orthoformate / nitromethane / 1 h / 100 °C / Inert atmosphere; Cooling with ice View Scheme

1: trifluorormethanesulfonic acid / dichloromethane / 14 h / 20 °C 2: 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone / dichloromethane / 20 °C 3: sodium hydroxide / methanol / 5 h / Reflux View Scheme

1.1: diphenylether / 0.5 h / 250 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2.1: acetic acid / 0.17 h / |Reflux 2.2: 2 h / |Reflux 3.1: trichlorophosphate / acetonitrile / 7 h / 20 °C / |Reflux 4.1: hydrogenchloride / dichloromethane; diethyl ether / 1 h / 5 - 20 °C 4.2: 5 h / |Reflux 5.1: palladium diacetate; 9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenyl-phosphino)xanthene; caesium carbonate / toluene / 1.5 h / 120 °C / |Inert atmosphere; |Microwave irradiation 6.1: bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; sodium acetate / N,N-dimethyl acetamide / 1 h / 150 °C / |Inert atmosphere; |Microwave irradiation View Scheme

1.1: trichlorophosphate / acetonitrile / 7 h / 20 °C / |Reflux 2.1: hydrogenchloride / dichloromethane; diethyl ether / 1 h / 5 - 20 °C 2.2: 5 h / |Reflux 3.1: palladium diacetate; 9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenyl-phosphino)xanthene; caesium carbonate / toluene / 1.5 h / 120 °C / |Inert atmosphere; |Microwave irradiation 4.1: bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; sodium acetate / N,N-dimethyl acetamide / 1 h / 150 °C / |Inert atmosphere; |Microwave irradiation View Scheme

1.1: hydrogenchloride / dichloromethane; diethyl ether / 1 h / 5 - 20 °C 1.2: 5 h / |Reflux 2.1: palladium diacetate; 9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenyl-phosphino)xanthene; caesium carbonate / toluene / 1.5 h / 120 °C / |Inert atmosphere; |Microwave irradiation 3.1: bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; sodium acetate / N,N-dimethyl acetamide / 1 h / 150 °C / |Inert atmosphere; |Microwave irradiation View Scheme

1.1: acetic acid / 0.17 h / |Reflux 1.2: 2 h / |Reflux 2.1: trichlorophosphate / acetonitrile / 7 h / 20 °C / |Reflux 3.1: hydrogenchloride / dichloromethane; diethyl ether / 1 h / 5 - 20 °C 3.2: 5 h / |Reflux 4.1: palladium diacetate; 9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenyl-phosphino)xanthene; caesium carbonate / toluene / 1.5 h / 120 °C / |Inert atmosphere; |Microwave irradiation 5.1: bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; sodium acetate / N,N-dimethyl acetamide / 1 h / 150 °C / |Inert atmosphere; |Microwave irradiation View Scheme

1: potassium carbonate; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) / N,N-dimethyl-formamide; water / 5 h / 80 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: phenyl-magnesium bromide / tetrahydrofuran / 0.25 h / 0 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: 1.) cc.HCl, NaNO2; 2.) NaN3 / 1.) 0 deg C, 1 h; 2.) 0 deg C, 1 h 2: 75 percent / o-dichlorobenzene / 5 h / 180 °C View Scheme

1: 93 percent / 20percent H2SO4 / 24 h / Heating 2: 1.) cc.HCl, NaNO2; 2.) NaN3 / 1.) 0 deg C, 1 h; 2.) 0 deg C, 1 h 3: 75 percent / o-dichlorobenzene / 5 h / 180 °C View Scheme