sodium hydroxide; tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydrogensulfate in tetrahydrofuran; water T=64°C; 5 - 8 h;

sodium hydroxide; tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydrogen sulphate in tetrahydrofuran

sodium hydroxide in tetrahydrofuran; isopropyl alcohol

tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); (S)-(-)-2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl in isopropyl alcohol T=0.83°C; Migita-Sano Synthesis; 18 h; Inert atmosphereLarge scale; Reagent/catalystSolventTime;

sulfuric acid T=20°C; 40 h;

1: (S)-(-)-2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) / isopropyl alcohol / 18 h / 0.83 °C / |Inert atmosphere; |Large scale 2: caesium carbonate / dimethyl sulfoxide / 24 h / 127 - 133 °C / |Large scale View Scheme