sodium hydroxide in diethyl ether T=0°C;

in dichloromethane Irradiation;

1: 87 percent / copper(II)sulfate*5H2O, 28 percent aqueous ammonia 2: 63 percent / 1.) NaNO2, 15 percent aqueous hydrochloric acid; 2.) sodium azide / 2.) water 3: 48 percent / methanol; dioxane / Irradiation 4: 56 percent / CH2Cl2 / Irradiation View Scheme

1: 63 percent / 1.) NaNO2, 15 percent aqueous hydrochloric acid; 2.) sodium azide / 2.) water 2: 48 percent / methanol; dioxane / Irradiation 3: 56 percent / CH2Cl2 / Irradiation View Scheme

1: 75 percent / formamide, formic acid / 1 h / 140 - 150 °C 2: 40 percent / 1,1,2-trichloro-ethane; CH2Cl2; nitromethane / 70 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 71 percent / aq. ammonium chloride, magnesium / methanol / 4 h / Heating 2: 90 percent / thionyl chloride / CHCl3 / 30 h / Ambient temperature 3: 50 percent / AlCl3 / 24 h / Ambient temperature 4: 40 percent / 1,1,2-trichloro-ethane; CH2Cl2; nitromethane / 70 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 74 percent / zinc, glacial acetic acid / 4 h / Heating 2: 40 percent / 1,1,2-trichloro-ethane; CH2Cl2; nitromethane / 70 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 90 percent / thionyl chloride / CHCl3 / 30 h / Ambient temperature 2: 50 percent / AlCl3 / 24 h / Ambient temperature 3: 40 percent / 1,1,2-trichloro-ethane; CH2Cl2; nitromethane / 70 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

in nitromethane; dichloromethane; trichloroethane, 1,1,2- 70 h; Ambient temperature;