tri-tert-butyl phosphine; bis(.eta.(2)-ethylene)(2,4,-pentanedionato)rhodium in 1,4-dioxane T=100°C; 16 h;

tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) chloroform complex; potassium carbonate; (R)-1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-2,2'-binapthyl in 1,4-dioxane T=100°C; Arylation; 24 h;

1,4-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)butane*2HBF4; palladium diacetate; sodium t-butanolate in toluene T=110°C; 14 h; Inert atmosphere;