hydrogenchloride in n-heptane; water T=20°C; 0.5 h;

catalyst: dibenzo-18-crown-6 in N,N-dimethyl-formamide 160°C; excess KI;; analyzed by GLC;;

sodium in Petroleum ether (Ar); vigorous stirred suspn. of Na was maintained at 115°C for 0.5 h, one drop of SnCl4 was added and ClC4H9 was added dropwise within 3 h at 30-40°C, after 1 h stirring SnCl4 (4:1 mol) was dropped into mixt. (same temp.) within 75 min; after stirring for a further h at 30-40°C mixt. was filtered off and residue treated with tBuOH, solvents were distd. off from filtrate; identification by GC after methylation;

1: n-heptane 2: HCl / diethyl ether View Scheme

tert-butyl methyl ether; tin(IV) chloride T=50°C; 0.75 h; Product distribution / selectivity;

hydrogenchloride in diethyl ether

1: iodine / methanol / 60 °C / |Reflux 2: hydrogenchloride / n-heptane; water / 0.5 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: 2,2,4-trimethylpentane 2: HCl / diethyl ether View Scheme

1: Na 2: HCl / diethyl ether View Scheme

mercury dichloride in ethanol boiling ethanol;;