1: β-alanine; glacial acetic acid / hexane / Heating 2: 3-ethyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium bromide; triethylamine / ethanol / Heating 3: pivalic acid / tetrahydrofuran; toluene; heptane / Heating 4: 81 percent / hydrogen; acetic acid / palladium on carbon / ethyl acetate View Scheme

1: β-alanine; glacial acetic acid / hexane / Heating 2: 3-ethyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium bromide; triethylamine / ethanol / Heating View Scheme

in toluene Acylation; ring cleavage; Heating;

1: 67 percent / sodium dithionite / methanol 2: 76 percent / toluene / Heating View Scheme

1: β-alanine; glacial acetic acid / hexane / Heating 2: 3-ethyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium bromide; triethylamine / ethanol / Heating 3: pivalic acid / tetrahydrofuran; toluene; heptane / Heating 4: 35 percent / hydrogen; acetic acid / palladium on carbon / ethyl acetate 5: HCl / tetrahydrofuran; H2O / 20 °C 6: sodium hydroxide / H2O; tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C View Scheme

1: β-alanine; glacial acetic acid / hexane / Heating 2: 3-ethyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium bromide; triethylamine / ethanol / Heating View Scheme