1: Pd(PPh3)4 / 1,2-dimethoxy-ethane 2: CaCl2; HCl / toluene 3: K2CO3; 3-pentanone View Scheme

1: 1.) potassium t-butoxide / 2.) dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium / 1.) 1,2-dimethoxyethane, room temperature, 10 min, 2.) 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 70 deg C, 8 h 2: concd. hydrochloric acid, calcium chloride / benzene / 1.) room temperature, 3 h, 2.) 55 deg C, 2 h, 3.) reflux, 5 h View Scheme

hydrogenchloride; calcium chloride in benzene 1.) room temperature, 3 h, 2.) 55 deg C, 2 h, 3.) reflux, 5 h;

hydrogenchloride; calcium chloride; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) 1.) monoglyme, 70 deg C; Multistep reaction;

copper(l) iodide; caesium carbonate; 2-hydroxybiphenyl 17 h; Heating;

potassium carbonate; pentan-3-one