in chloroform byproducts: C2Cl6, C2H2Cl4; Irradiation (UV/VIS); room temp., 100h;;

in tetrachloromethane byproducts: C2Cl6, C2H2Cl4, C6H5Cl; room temp., 60h;;

in ethanol

in neat (no solvent) addn. of HCl gas to pure dibenzyldibutyltin at 100°C;

in diethyl ether reaction at 0°C;;

in diethyl ether under N2, to soln. of LiAlH4 in Et2O slowly added (PhCH2)2SnCl2 in small portions, stirred for several h; added estd. amt. of H2O, filtered and concd. under N2, not isolated;

NaCl in dichloromethane byproducts: AlCl3*NaCl, (C4H9)4Sn, (C6H5CH2)(C4H9)3Sn; further byproducts: (C6H5CH2)3(C4H9)Sn, (C6H5CH2)4Sn; react. under N2, heating NaCl and Bu3Al (120°C, 30 min) with stirring, cooling, successive addn. of (C6H5CH2)2SnCl2, stirring at a temp. not higher than 30°C or at 130°C for 1 h; hydrolysis of the liq. with Ca(OH)2, filtration on a glass frit, yield at 20°C: 80 percent, yield at 130°C: >99 percent;

in dichloromethane Kinetics; byproducts: AlCl3; react. under N2, cooling a soln. of (C6H5CH2)2SnCl2 in CH2Cl2, addn. of (C4H9)3Al via syringe (molar ratio = 3:2); hydrolysis with CH2Cl2 satd. with water and then with 1 N HCl, decanting the org. layer, drying, evapn. under vac., incomplete react.;