1: 90 percent / CeCl3*7H2O, NaBH4 / methanol / 0.17 h / 0 °C 2: 87 percent / diethyl azodicarboxylate, triphenylphosphine / tetrahydrofuran / 5 h / Ambient temperature 3: 100 percent / potassium carbonate / methanol / 2 h / Ambient temperature 4: 100 percent / 4-dimethylaminopyridine, pyridine / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / 0 °C 5: 96 percent / acetic acid, water / tetrahydrofuran / 24 h / Ambient temperature 6: 91 percent / PCC, sodium acetate, Celite / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 1.) NaCNBH3; 2.) mCPBA / 1.) HOAc; 2.) -78 deg C to r.t., CH2Cl2 2: 79 percent / TFA / CH2Cl2 / 5 h / 0 - 20 °C 3: 81 percent / Et3N, 4-DMAP / CH2Cl2 / 0 °C 4: 73 percent / TFA, 70 percent aq. H2O2 / CH2Cl2 / 0 °C View Scheme

in pyridine

1: 96 percent / acetic acid, water / tetrahydrofuran / 24 h / Ambient temperature 2: 91 percent / PCC, sodium acetate, Celite / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 87 percent / diethyl azodicarboxylate, triphenylphosphine / tetrahydrofuran / 5 h / Ambient temperature 2: 100 percent / potassium carbonate / methanol / 2 h / Ambient temperature 3: 100 percent / 4-dimethylaminopyridine, pyridine / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / 0 °C 4: 96 percent / acetic acid, water / tetrahydrofuran / 24 h / Ambient temperature 5: 91 percent / PCC, sodium acetate, Celite / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 100 percent / 4-dimethylaminopyridine, pyridine / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / 0 °C 2: 96 percent / acetic acid, water / tetrahydrofuran / 24 h / Ambient temperature 3: 91 percent / PCC, sodium acetate, Celite / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 100 percent / potassium carbonate / methanol / 2 h / Ambient temperature 2: 100 percent / 4-dimethylaminopyridine, pyridine / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / 0 °C 3: 96 percent / acetic acid, water / tetrahydrofuran / 24 h / Ambient temperature 4: 91 percent / PCC, sodium acetate, Celite / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 63 percent / NBS, AlBN / CCl4 / 4 h / Heating 2: 85 percent / tetrahydrofuran / 60 h / Ambient temperature 3: 92 percent / MCPBA / CH2Cl2 / 0.33 h / 0 °C 4: 97 percent / AcONa / 7 h / Heating 5: 71 percent / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / -90 °C 6: 98 percent / pyridine / 1 h / 0 °C 7: 89 percent / amberlyst 15 / 84 h / Ambient temperature 8: 98 percent / Et3N / CH2Cl2 / 1.5 h / 0 °C 9: 88 percent / AcOH-H2O / 13 h / 60 °C 10: 90 percent / imidazole / dimethylformamide / 0.5 h / Ambient temperature 11: 87 percent / K2CO3 / methanol / 9 h / Ambient temperature 12: 93 percent / n-Bu4NF, H2O / tetrahydrofuran / 0.04 h / 0 °C 13: 81 percent / MnO2 / CH2Cl2 / 0.4 h / Ambient temperature 14: 63 percent / ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN), pyridine / acetonitrile; CH2Cl2; H2O / 1 h / 0 °C 15: 70 percent / PPh3, DEAD / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 83 percent / dimethylformamide / 22 h / 80 °C 2: 63 percent / NBS, AlBN / CCl4 / 4 h / Heating 3: 85 percent / tetrahydrofuran / 60 h / Ambient temperature 4: 92 percent / MCPBA / CH2Cl2 / 0.33 h / 0 °C 5: 97 percent / AcONa / 7 h / Heating 6: 71 percent / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / -90 °C 7: 98 percent / pyridine / 1 h / 0 °C 8: 89 percent / amberlyst 15 / 84 h / Ambient temperature 9: 98 percent / Et3N / CH2Cl2 / 1.5 h / 0 °C 10: 88 percent / AcOH-H2O / 13 h / 60 °C 11: 90 percent / imidazole / dimethylformamide / 0.5 h / Ambient temperature 12: 87 percent / K2CO3 / methanol / 9 h / Ambient temperature 13: 93 percent / n-Bu4NF, H2O / tetrahydrofuran / 0.04 h / 0 °C 14: 81 percent / MnO2 / CH2Cl2 / 0.4 h / Ambient temperature 15: 63 percent / ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN), pyridine / acetonitrile; CH2Cl2; H2O / 1 h / 0 °C 16: 70 percent / PPh3, DEAD / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 85 percent / tetrahydrofuran / 60 h / Ambient temperature 2: 92 percent / MCPBA / CH2Cl2 / 0.33 h / 0 °C 3: 97 percent / AcONa / 7 h / Heating 4: 71 percent / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / -90 °C 5: 98 percent / pyridine / 1 h / 0 °C 6: 89 percent / amberlyst 15 / 84 h / Ambient temperature 7: 98 percent / Et3N / CH2Cl2 / 1.5 h / 0 °C 8: 88 percent / AcOH-H2O / 13 h / 60 °C 9: 90 percent / imidazole / dimethylformamide / 0.5 h / Ambient temperature 10: 87 percent / K2CO3 / methanol / 9 h / Ambient temperature 11: 93 percent / n-Bu4NF, H2O / tetrahydrofuran / 0.04 h / 0 °C 12: 81 percent / MnO2 / CH2Cl2 / 0.4 h / Ambient temperature 13: 63 percent / ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN), pyridine / acetonitrile; CH2Cl2; H2O / 1 h / 0 °C 14: 70 percent / PPh3, DEAD / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme